Can non-member states participate in the Security Council's discussions?

Non-member states can indeed participate in discussions within the Security Council, but their involvement is limited in certain ways, specifically when it comes to voting rights. They are invited to engage in debates and discussions on issues that may concern them or their regional interests, but they do not have the authority to cast votes on resolutions or decisions made by the Council.

This setup ensures that while the perspectives of non-member states can be heard and considered, the decision-making power remains with the member states, who are the ones with established responsibilities and obligations under the United Nations Charter. The dialogue facilitated with non-member states contributes to a broader understanding of global issues, but without the full voting privileges that members possess.

The other options do not accurately capture the nature of participation by non-member states in the Security Council discussions; therefore, they do not reflect the actual rules governing such participation.