What is the role of the UN Security Council in conflict resolution?

The role of the UN Security Council in conflict resolution is primarily to determine threats to international peace and security and to decide on actions that are necessary to restore peace. This responsibility is anchored in the UN Charter, specifically Chapter VII, which grants the Security Council the authority to take measures, including imposing sanctions and authorizing the use of force, when there are threats to peace.

The Security Council is comprised of 15 member states, including five permanent members with veto power, allowing it to act swiftly in the face of emerging conflicts or crises. It conducts assessments of situations and develops responses that may include diplomatic measures, peacekeeping operations, and other actions aimed at maintaining or restoring peace and security. This role distinguishes the Security Council from other UN bodies that may focus on humanitarian aid, elections, or treaty negotiations, which are not its primary functions.