What is the 'Veto' power in the context of the UN Security Council?

The 'Veto' power in the context of the UN Security Council specifically refers to the ability of any of the five permanent members (the United States, Russia, China, France, and the United Kingdom) to prevent the adoption of any substantive resolution through a negative vote. This unique power is a significant feature of the Security Council, as it underscores the influence and authority these nations hold within the international system.

When a permanent member exercises its veto, it effectively blocks the resolution from being passed, regardless of the level of support it may have received from the other members. This mechanism was designed to ensure that the interests of the major powers are considered and that they remain integral to the decision-making process within the Security Council, reflecting the geopolitical realities following World War II when the UN was established.

The other options relate to different aspects of the UN's structure or functioning but do not define the specific action of using veto power in the Security Council. For instance, the ability to approve any decision or the authority to summon meetings of the General Assembly highlights other roles within the UN, while the right to propose changes to the UN Charter involves a different legislative process entirely. Hence, the definition provided corresponds directly to the concept of veto power as it functions within the UN