Which country is NOT included among the permanent members of the Security Council?

The question addresses the composition of the United Nations Security Council's permanent members. The Security Council is one of the six principal organs of the UN and includes five permanent members known as the P5. These members, which hold significant power including the ability to veto resolutions, are China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United States.

Canada does not hold permanent membership in the Security Council. While Canada is an active member state of the UN and has served as a non-permanent member of the Security Council at various times, it does not have the same level of privileges or responsibilities that come with permanent membership. The P5 members were established in the aftermath of World War II and have maintained their status due to their historical significance and influence in international relations. This understanding highlights why Canada is the correct answer, as it lacks permanent status within the Security Council.