Which of the following countries is NOT a permanent member of the UN Security Council?

The response identifies Canada as the correct answer because Canada is not one of the five permanent members of the United Nations Security Council. The permanent members, often referred to as the P5, include China, Russia, the United States, France, and the United Kingdom. These nations hold significant power and have the ability to veto any substantive resolution presented in the council, which plays a crucial role in international peace and security.

In contrast, while Canada is an important member of the UN and actively participates in many UN initiatives, it does not hold a permanent seat and therefore lacks the same level of influence over Security Council decisions as the permanent members do. Understanding the structure of the Security Council and the roles of the permanent versus non-permanent members is essential for grasping how international diplomacy operates within the UN framework.