Which organization preceded the establishment of the United Nations?

The League of Nations was established after World War I as an international organization aimed at maintaining peace and preventing conflicts between countries. It was created in 1920 and was one of the first attempts at global governance. The League aimed to provide a forum for resolving international disputes and facilitating cooperation on various issues, including disarmament and humanitarian efforts. However, it faced challenges and limitations, which ultimately led to its inability to prevent World War II.

Following the devastation of that war, there was a consensus that a more effective international organization was needed, resulting in the creation of the United Nations in 1945. The UN built on the ideas and lessons learned from the League of Nations, addressing its shortcomings to better ensure collective security and promote cooperation among nations.

The other choices represent organizations that were established either after the League of Nations or for different purposes, not as predecessors to the UN. The World Health Organization focuses specifically on public health, the European Union is a political and economic union of countries primarily in Europe, and the International Court of Justice serves as the principal judicial body of the UN, but it does not predate the United Nations or serve as a direct predecessor.